What do techniques represent in the context of an adversary's actions?

In the context of an adversary's actions, techniques represent how goals are achieved. Techniques are the specific methods or means employed by adversaries to execute their strategies and accomplish their objectives. For example, if an adversary aims to gain unauthorized access to a network, the techniques they may use could include phishing, exploiting vulnerabilities, or using malware. Understanding these techniques allows cybersecurity analysts to anticipate potential threats and implement measures to mitigate risks effectively.

The focus on techniques is crucial because they are the tangible actions that adversaries take within a broader strategic framework. Overall strategies provide context for an adversary's intentions, while tools are the specific software or hardware used to implement techniques. Potential outcomes refer to the results of adversarial actions but do not capture how those actions are carried out, reinforcing why the concept of techniques is central to understanding adversary behavior.